Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Date of Award

1-1-2022

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Ph.D. in Pharmaceutical Sciences

First Advisor

Chalet Tan

Second Advisor

Michael Repka

Third Advisor

Walt Chambliss

School

University of Mississippi

Relational Format

dissertation/thesis

Abstract

Carbon monoxide (CO) is widely known as poisonous gas. Its role as a signaling molecule (gasotransmitter) with various therapeutic effects is less known. Recent years have seen a surge of interest in CO because of its demonstrated therapeutic effect in treating conditions such as inflammation, drug-induced toxicity, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and kidney injury, among others. In developing CO-based therapeutic agents, one key issue is the availability of pharmaceutically acceptable ways of delivering CO. During the past decade, there has been a large number of experiments in cell culture, animal models, and clinical trials using CO gas incubation/inhalation and heavy metal based CO-releasing molecules (CORMs). In collaboration with Dr. Binghe Wang’s lab at Georgia State University, a series of organic CO prodrugs with desirable pharmaceutical properties, including less toxicity, chemical tractability, delivery properties, and fewer unintended reactions, among others, have been developed. The rationale of this dissertation is to conduct a comprehensive preclinical study, including preformulation study, formulation development, in vitro analysis, and in vivo pharmacokinetic study to evaluate the drugability of the organic CO prodrugs with the eventual goal of being able to pack “carbon monoxide in a pill” for the successful clinical application.

In the first chapter, the bioanalytical methods are first discussed. Subsequently, a comprehensive in vitro and in vivo evaluation of the first-generation organic CO prodrugs is discussed. The second-generation sweetener-based CO prodrugs and an activated charcoal-based oral formulation have been developed and discussed in the second chapter. The third chapter discusses the pharmacokinetic studies on the IMCO-104, which is BW-CO-103 with silica immobilized formulation. And then the tissue distribution studies on IMCO-104, BW-CO-306, and BW-AC-306, the in vivo CO analytical methods, and PK considerations are also discussed in this chapter.

In conclusion, this dissertation describes and evaluates the organic CO prodrugs with different chemistry and the associated formulation strategies for in vivo CO delivery. Two generations of CO prodrugs and the respective formulation strategies were evaluated and characterized in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrated the feasibility and prospect of CO oral delivery for clinical application.

Concentration/Emphasis

Pharmaceutical Science

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.