Date of Award
1-1-2024
Document Type
Dissertation
Degree Name
Ph.D. in Health and Kinesiology
First Advisor
Matthew B Jessee
Second Advisor
John P. Bentley
Third Advisor
Paul D. Loprinzi
School
University of Mississippi
Relational Format
dissertation/thesis
Abstract
Background: Recent sprint interval training studies suggest cardiorespiratory fitness improves after training with 2 x 20s but not 1 x 20s. While insufficient for improving whole-body cardiorespiratory fitness, vascular function or other components of cardiorespiratory fitness may improve. It is unknown if brief intense exercise bouts are sufficient for improvements in these outcomes. This initial exploratory work investigated these outcomes to facilitate future research in this area. Purpose: Investigate changes in micro- and macro-vascular function in young, untrained adults following 4-weeks of single sprint training. Methods: 46 healthy, untrained participants ages 18-35 were allocated to either a training or time-matched negative control group. Training consisted of a 20s maximal cycling sprint (no warm-up or cool-down period), 3 days/week. Outcomes were tested at baseline, mid-intervention (2 weeks), and post-intervention (4 weeks). Testing consisted of (in order): 1) resting blood pressure, 2) brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), 3) forearm post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH), 4) passive leg movement (PLM) hyperemia, 5) thigh PORH, 6) quadriceps mitochondrial capacity, and 7) graded exercise testing (pre- and post-intervention only). Bayesian repeated measures ANOVA models were used to test for treatment effects and modification by sex. Posterior distributions of effects were reported for incorporation in future study design. Results are posterior estimate of mean difference (95% highest density credible interval). Results: There was evidence against the presence of treatment effects for all vascular outcomes. The FMD treatment effect (mm) was 0.020 (-0.049, 0.090) at mid-intervention and -0.032 (-0.101, 0.038) at post-intervention. Effects for forearm PORH outcomes were similar between groups. The treatment effect for thigh PORH hyperemic velocity (cm/s) was 6.86 (-2.60, 16.42) at mid-intervention and -3.66 (-13.16, 5.80) at post-intervention. Effects for PLM were similar between groups. There was evidence against a treatment effect for VO2 max -0.04 (-0.15,0.06) L/min and both ventilatory thresholds. There was no evidence of effect modification by sex for any outcomes. Conclusion: Vascular and cardiorespiratory function did not improve after training. Results also agree with previous work suggesting cardiorespiratory fitness does not improve. This work may be valuable for those interested in investigating vascular adaptations to brief intense exercise bouts.
Recommended Citation
Chatlaong, Matthew Alexander, "Vascular Adaptations to Single Sprint Training" (2024). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 2926.
https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/2926
