Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Date of Award

2015

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

M.S. in Food and Nutrition Services

Department

Nutrition and Hospitality Management

First Advisor

Teresa Carithers

Second Advisor

Melinda Valliant

Third Advisor

Yunhee Chang

Relational Format

dissertation/thesis

Abstract

Background: While previous research has investigated depression among minority populations with chronic diseases, very limited data exists in describing interactions between diabetes mellitus, depression, and CVD in African Americans. Objective: The purpose of this research study is to examine the association of depressive symptoms and cardiovascular events among African American adults with diabetes. The overall goal of this research study is to contribute vital information towards describing how depressive symptoms and cardiovascular risk factors could act as predictors of cardiovascular events among a highly vulnerable population. Methods: Participants of this cross-sectional study included 660 African American adults with diabetes mellitus from the NHANES, years 2007-2012. Data from the study was used to examine associations of depressive symptoms and cardiovascular events among African American adults. The analyses conducted consisted of depressive symptoms and cardiovascular risk factors predicting the occurrence of cardiovascular events. Results: African American adults with diabetes who experienced severe depressive symptoms were two and a half times more likely to experience a cardiovascular event (OR: 2.494, 95% CI: 1.240–5.018, p < .01). In a larger model that adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors and demographic factors, significance for severe depression predicting cardiovascular events was eliminated. However, this larger model was significant in predicting the occurrence of cardiovascular events (χ2: 70.569, p < .001). Conclusion: The findings of this analysis suggest that severe depressive symptoms and specific cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with diabetes are able independently predict the occurrence of a cardiovascular event in African Americans. Implications: Increased knowledge of the connection between diabetes, depression, and cardiovascular disease among minorities would be helpful in designing culturally effective depression screening strategies and treatment plans. Appropriate screening is imperative at all stages of a disease state, as unscreened, undiagnosed, or untreated depression can encourage undesirable behaviors that increase risk for the development of additional chronic diseases.

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.