Honors Theses
Date of Award
Spring 5-7-2026
Document Type
Undergraduate Thesis
Department
Public Policy Leadership
First Advisor
Melissa Bass
Second Advisor
Kyle Fritz
Third Advisor
Robert Fleegler
Relational Format
Dissertation/Thesis
Abstract
This study examines how educational attainment shapes immigrants’ experiences with the U.S. naturalization process, with a focus on how education influences confidence, access to resources, and the ability to manage bureaucratic demands. While the legal requirements for naturalization are standardized, the ability to navigate them varies widely across individuals. Applicants’ experiences reveal that the U.S. naturalization process is often more complex and unequal than it may appear. This research was conducted through five semi-structured interviews with naturalized citizens of varying levels of higher education. These interviews explored participants’ experiences with the application process, including their preparedness, access to support systems, emotional responses, and challenges related to paperwork and institutional requirements. Responses revealed four major themes: educational attainment shapes confidence and preparedness; reliance on support systems varies by education level; the naturalization process is often experienced as intimidating and stressful; and the complexity of paperwork and bureaucracy presents a key barrier. Findings indicate that individuals with higher levels of education are more likely to navigate the process independently and with confidence, while those with lower levels of education often face greater challenges related to accessing information, understanding requirements, and relying on external support. These differences highlight how a standardized process can produce unequal experiences. Drawing on these findings, this study proposes two policy recommendations aimed at improving access to clear information and expanding support systems for applicants. Together, these recommendations seek to reduce barriers and promote a more equitable naturalization process.
Recommended Citation
Rayburn, Cecilia, "Unequal Paths: Experiences Navigating the U.S. Naturalization Process and the Role of Education" (2026). Honors Theses. 3538.
https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis/3538
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.